As much as I dislike diagnosing strangers on the internet... this is classic ADHD. The brain doesn't really form working memory so short-term things just don't exist unless you see them. Meds help but even still I rely on a lot of those same tools you described. I can't live without my calendar with everything written down. I have daily alarms for set things in my schedule so I don't forget. Notes around my workspace that don't go until the task is 100% resolved. I've also learned to organize my house so that as many things as possible are visible. If it's away in a cabinet then it may as well not be there so I have a ton of nice-looking baskets and things all around for organization. I think the only things in my house that are really tucked away are dishes and cleaning supplies, mostly out of necessity for space/safety. And even those I'll remember because they a separate task will drive me to need them and seek them out.

I spent years thinking I had a serious memory problem. A partner once said my memory was worse than her ex who had brain damage. I accepted it as just a part of me. Turns out, I have severe ADHD and the Adderall does wonders for my day-to-day functioning.