Not sure about toilets around the world but at least in the US, the toilets in that study are only really used in public restrooms and the like, not really in a typical home. They flush faaar more aggressively than a home toilet, like a pressure washer vs a hose, so I’m not sure it’s an exact comparison

Does it? It just says that particles get everywhere when you flush a lidless toilet. They didn't compare it to a toilet with a lid, and their paper's introduction talks about how the lid doesn't eliminate the aerosol plume.

Have you read it? They do not disagree with them the article isn't even about that.