Actually kind of make sense. Apple has previously used some product names that are tangentially “military” themed — AirPort Extreme and AirPower (RIP) comes to mind. So to play on military intelligence, naming it Apple Intelligence (or lighter weight variant of “AirIntelligence”) would fit the theme.
Edit: Also BootCamp, Radar (former bug tracker name), and AirDrop. If you really stretch it, Launchpad, Gatekeeper, and Secure Enclave also has similar vibes.