Which there weren’t Jewish people and culture prospered under the Muslim rule and then got pogromed when the Christians took back over.

It's incredibly difficult to overstate how damn correct you are.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Golden_age_of_Jewish_culture_in_Spain

7-8 centuries of Muslim rule, and Jews become renowned as artisans and philosophers.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Expulsion_of_Jews_from_Spain

The Catholic kings finish conquering the last bastion of Muslims in Iberia, and immediately next they tell all Muslims and Jews to either convert to Christianity or to flee the peninsula, because they aren't going to like what's planned for them next. A very different ruler in Europe welcomed them, however:

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_the_Jews_in_the_Ottoman_Empire

Basically, the Turks managed to help Constantinople regain some of the economic importance it had gained during the centuries of collapse of the Byzantine Empire because they welcomed Jewish artisans that had been kicked out of Iberia.