Hi, I'm a first year CS student and this 3 month period of vacations I want to follow a good free course on programming. If it's possible, I also want to learn how is the process in which a code written in a text editor can become an executable with it's GUI in the operating system (currently using Linux), because I really have no idea how that works.

Browsing the web for it have become overwhelming and I'm finding trouble in deciding what to follow, and I also need some order in order to learn things.

I would really appreciate if you can tell me if you know any course that meets this requirements.