To reiterate, the definition of pride is localised to the individual. It doesn’t make sense to be proud of someone else’s accomplishments if you haven’t helped them.

That's just what you think / feel / opine / believe. Pride has many definitions, and people often take pride in their ancestry which they cannot possibly have helped because they didn't exist the entire time they lived their life. Humans aren't fully rational and again, aren't dropped in greenfield without context on a level playing field. Also, you apparently don't feel much pride for your heritage, but you still benefit from it. Your achievements and failures are partially possible and/or caused by your birth situation. If, by birth lottery you were born a Palestinian, you might have died in childhood before ever going to school or college.

A parent may feel proud if their child has done well, they have contributed to their success. However, if my college in a different department gets a promotion, I shouldn’t.

Who are you to tell others that their feelings are valid or invalid?

Ultimately, I'd suggest that you take a look inward because I don't think a lot of your problems with these things stem from a logical place either but also an emotional one. To be human is much more than a fancy calculator, and it's perfectly fine to feel various feelings without them necessarily being rationally justified. There is only, in my opinion of course, a problem when people start to use emotions to justify violence or other forms of abuse.

But life isn't generally, and being human isn't certainly:

I did one good thing = I have earned one smile.

EDIT: Outside and inside and in addition to all of this, I think it's perfectly fine and even kind of justified to feel proud of others because we are all ultimately only members of one race: the human one. I haven't marched at LGBTQ+ pride but it wouldn't bother me to do so if someone genuinely wanted me there for some reason, and I take pride in the positive achievements of lots of other people who I did nothing to help all of the time.