I'm not sure about the actual prevalence of racism, but one thing I can tell you is that living in a less diverse place makes it real easy for people to be blissfully unaware of their own racism, whereas actually interacting with people of other races forces them to confront it about themselves.

I've seen plenty of people here on Lemmy from lily-white states like Minnesota or Montana dunking on the South in the most bigoted way while simultaneously being holier-than-thou about it.

I bet there's plenty research on it. I have a lot of thoughts from Polish perspective, but I don't actually know anything about it.

I.E. I suspect there's little systemic racism in Poland because there's no history that would bring it (no colonialism history in modern era and post-WW2 erased any laws from 30s.

Causal, very much - less these days in media, but there's still racist idioms and jokes. I'd say it's directly proportional to familiarity, but not exactly malicious.

Then there's obviously neonazis and "intellectual racists" that have it all figured out.

That's my casual take about this very not casual topic.

The president of Tunisia is one of those Great Replacement freaks who thinks Sub-Saharan Africans are intent on displacing native Tunisians. My understanding is that that applies to the society as a whole.

I'd say not. This number for Japan includes groups that have been forcefully assimilated like the Ainu and Ryukuans. And then you see how more racially diverse places like the US are. So both homogeneous and diverse populations and nations can be pretty racist, both systemically and individually.