Perhaps not, but your mobile carrier will! I use a Pixel 5 with LineageOS installed (and no google services), but I also needed to install Google Docs for a project (since the web interface refuses to load on Android) which means that Google is still able to access my IP address--but I think that's better than Google's "location history", or Play Protect on Android sending a list of all installed apps

Yup. The tracking stuff just makes it easier, but standard use of the phone sans tracking is still trackable.