Have you never heard of the concept of serialization? It's weird for you to bring up the Nintendo DS and not be familiar with that, as it's a very important topic in game development. Outside of game development, it's used a lot in network code. Even javascript has ArrayBuffer.
Well cite me one then
I've personally built small homebrew projects that run on both Nintendo DS and Windows/Linux. Is that really so hard to imagine? As long as you design proper abstractions, it's pretty straightforward.
Generally speaking, the best way to write optimal code is to understand your data first. You can't do that if you don't even know what format your data is in!