I don't think it's the left that discourages participation in politics. The right discourages the left from participating in politics and all too often the left falls for it, hook line and sinker. The right has the "both sides" narratives down to a science, but despite promoting this kind of thinking, they always vote.

does a society make choices between better and worse practice of politics/government?

Yes. But it's not like ordering a product from Amazon. You don't put your desired improvements in a cart and have it delivered in two days. To accomplish the change you want in a democracy, you need to vote in many elections, sometimes over decades. If you really care you might want to join a major political party and discuss the issues important to you with them. Again this may take decades, but if the issue is important enough then you're willing to make that effort. Note how long the Christian right worked to get abortion banned. They didn't instantly get to have things their way it took voting in every election, attending party meetings, along with decades of apathy on the left.

what would a world that doesn’t need government look like if you were to imagine it?

Mad Max kinda shit. Do you prefer the leadership of Lord Humungus or Immorten Joe?

There will always be a government. We're a tribal species and we will form into tribes and war against one another if there is no one that sets the laws and enforces them. Those tribes would develop into a feudalistic society which may someday develop into a democracy again.

That whole Marxist "the state will whither away" thing is just pseudo religious belief comparable to the Christian belief in a rapture followed by an eternity of paradise. Which is why it's attractive to atheists that were formally Christians. Old habits and all that.