One thing that seemed interesting in that vein is the Dat software / protocol, and the Beaker web browser.

The aim was basically to create a distributed, peer-to-peer web. When I saw a presentation on it, I thought "hmm, if this works it will be really cool, but I don't think this is going to take off". It seems I was right because the Beaker browser is now gone, and Dat doesn't seem to be getting updates anymore.

But, I still think there's hope for a distributed web. It just needs something like a killer app.