As a native English speaker I can pronounce English words I've never seen before pretty easily. I'd say that there is a general system to it, but it just has a metric fuckton of exceptions. Though to be honest, it's not really all that different from having to learn the genders for every single noun in gendered languages coming from a non-gendered language. At least pronunciation in English follows a certain kind of logic (albeit one heavily influenced by loanwords). Gendering of nouns has always seemed completely arbitrary and is just straight memorization.